The Reality and Challenges of Civil Society Institutions in Libya

Abstract

The Arab Spring revolutions brought significant political transformations to several Arab countries, including Libya. These movements paved the way for democratization and a redefined relationship between the state and civil society. In this context, civil society organizations (CSOs) emerged as key actors in supporting democratic transition through encouraging popular participation and fostering a democratic civic culture. This paper aims to examine the role played by Libyan CSOs from 2011 to 2014 and to identify the challenges they faced amid the complex process of political change. It also seeks to outline a future vision for a more just and stable political landscape in Libya, enriched by the contributions of civil society. The study is guided by critical questions regarding the nature and function of CSOs in Libya, their historical emergence, their involvement in the February 17 Revolution, and their ability to influence democratic pathways and policymaking—especially considering their recent and still fragile establishment.