'Kāna' in Prophetic Hadith: Between Analogy and Contravention

Abstract

The research addresses grammatical issues related to the missing verb Kāna, which appears in the language of the Prophet’s Hadith in violation of the grammatical rule that grammarians built from the speech of the Arabs. The research is also a new way to benefit from the language of the Prophet’s Hadith in various aspects of the language, by addressing the problem of the Prophet’s hadiths narrated with meaning, by presenting them to their counterparts from the word of God Almighty, from the language of poetry, and from the prose words of the Arabs. To reach a prophetic hadith that is correct in terms and eloquent in language, and a step in the direction of studying the language of the prophetic hadith to arrive at a judgment on it, either with authenticity and eloquence, or with error and grammaticality, and an effort that is added to the few efforts made in serving the hadith in terms of studying its words, compared to the efforts made in other aspects such as collecting it, writing it down, interpreting it, and explaining it, and the grammarians’ description of the linguistic material of the hadith with error, or their description of the narrator with oversight and change, among the most important things that prompted the researcher to write the research, in addition to the grammarians abandoning it. The language of hadith was cited in their construction of the grammatical base, despite the prophetic hadith having a lofty status in themselves, but they did not pay attention to its language as they did to the language of poetry. To achieve this goal, the researcher followed the inductive and analytical approach, and the research concluded that the prophetic hadiths mentioned in the research, whether they were major, or were from the hadiths of the counterparts, were authentic and eloquent, even if they differed from most of them.